The Nile River Valley

The Nile River Valley is the narrow strip of fertile land along the banks of the Nile River. The valley stretches through northeastern Africa. For thousands of years, people have farmed this rich land. Ancient Egypt grew up along the Nile River Valley.

The Gift of the Nile

Each year, the Nile River used to flood its banks. The floodwaters left behind rich, dark soil perfect for growing crops. Ancient Egyptians called the Nile the gift of the Nile because it made farming possible in the middle of a desert. The valley is only a few miles wide in most places.

The Valley Today

Today, the Aswan Dam controls the Nile's floods. Farmers in the valley still grow cotton, wheat, and vegetables. Cities like Cairo and Luxor sit in the valley. The pyramids and ancient temples are found along the Nile River Valley. It remains the heart of Egypt.

Fun Facts

• The Nile River Valley has been farmed for over 5,000 years.
• About 95 percent of Egypt's people live in the Nile River Valley and delta.
• The valley is like a green ribbon running through the brown desert.

Did You Know?

From space, the Nile River Valley looks like a thin green line cutting through the vast brown Sahara Desert!