Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome began over 2,000 years ago in the city of Rome in Italy. It started as a small village next to the Tiber River. Over time, it grew into one of the biggest empires in history. The Romans ruled many lands around the Mediterranean Sea. They built roads, cities, and famous buildings. Many things we use today came from the Romans.

Life in Ancient Rome

Most Romans lived in busy cities or on farms. Rich families lived in big homes with gardens. Poor families lived in small apartments. Kids played games and went to school if their family could pay. Romans wore clothes called tunics and togas. They ate bread, olives, cheese, and fruit. They loved to watch chariot races and games at the Colosseum.

Leaders and the Army

At first, Rome was ruled by kings. Later it became a republic, where people voted for leaders. Then it became an empire ruled by an emperor. The first emperor was Augustus. The Roman army was very strong. Soldiers wore armor and carried swords and shields. They marched long distances and built forts. The army helped Rome win many lands.

Fun Facts

• The Colosseum could hold about 50,000 people who came to watch games.
• Romans built long stone channels called aqueducts to bring fresh water to their cities.
• Roman kids played with toys like dolls, marbles, and wooden horses.

Did You Know?

The Romans spoke a language called Latin, and many words we use in English today come from Latin.