The End of Apartheid

For many decades, South Africa had a system called apartheid. It separated people by the color of their skin. Black South Africans had fewer rights than white South Africans. After years of struggle, apartheid finally ended in the 1990s.

Life Under Apartheid

Under apartheid, Black people could not live in the same neighborhoods as white people. They had to use separate schools, buses, and hospitals. They could not vote in elections. Many people fought against these unfair laws, even though it was dangerous.

Freedom at Last

Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison for fighting apartheid. When he was freed in 1990, the world celebrated. In 1994, South Africa held its first election where everyone could vote. Mandela became the country's first Black president and worked to unite the nation.

Important Facts

• Nelson Mandela spent 27 years in prison before becoming South Africa's president.
• South Africa has 11 official languages because of its many different peoples.
• The word "apartheid" means "apartness" in the Afrikaans language.

Did You Know?

When Nelson Mandela voted in 1994, it was the very first time in his life he was allowed to vote.