Aerodynamics

Aerodynamics is the science of how air moves around things. It explains why airplanes can fly, why race cars go fast, and why birds soar. When objects move through the air, the air pushes against them. The shape of an object affects how easily it moves through the air.

Drag and Streamlining

When an object moves through air, the air pushes back against it. This resistance is called drag. A flat surface creates a lot of drag. A smooth, pointed shape cuts through the air more easily. This smooth shape is called streamlined. Fish, airplanes, and fast cars are all streamlined.

Lift and Flight

Airplane wings are shaped so air moves faster over the top than under the bottom. Faster air has lower pressure. The higher pressure under the wing pushes the plane up. This upward force is called lift. When lift is greater than the weight of the plane, the airplane rises into the sky.

Fun Facts

• A golf ball has dimples to improve its aerodynamics and fly farther.
• Peregrine falcons tuck their wings to reduce drag and can dive at over 240 miles per hour.
• Cyclists wear tight clothing and pointy helmets to reduce air resistance.

Did You Know?

A school bus is one of the least aerodynamic vehicles on the road. Its flat front pushes against the air like a wall. That is one reason buses use so much fuel compared to sleek sports cars!