Bioluminescence

Bioluminescence is a cool way that some living things make their own light. Fireflies, deep sea fish, and tiny ocean creatures can all glow. The light comes from a special chemical mix inside their bodies. This light does not feel hot like a light bulb.

How It Works

Animals that glow have a chemical called luciferin in their bodies. When it mixes with oxygen, it gives off light. This kind of light is called cold light because it does not waste energy as heat. Most of the energy turns into light. Many sea animals use this trick in the dark deep ocean.

Who Glows

Fireflies are the most famous glowing bugs on land. In the ocean, jellyfish, squid, and some sharks can light up. Tiny plankton can make waves glow blue at night. Some mushrooms even glow in the forest. Animals use their light to find mates, scare enemies, or catch food.

Fun Facts

• About 90 percent of deep sea animals can make their own light.
• Fireflies flash in special patterns to find a mate.
• Some bioluminescent waves look bright blue when you splash them.

Did You Know?

Scientists use a glowing jellyfish protein to help study diseases. It helps them see tiny parts inside cells.