Evolution

Evolution is the way living things change over many, many years. It takes a long time, often millions of years. Animals and plants today are different from those that lived long ago. Scientists learn about evolution by studying fossils and DNA.

How It Happens

Every baby animal is a little different from its parents. Some of these differences help the animal live better. Over time, helpful changes are passed down. Slowly, whole groups of animals change. New kinds of animals can form this way.

A twisted ladder shape shows what DNA looks like up close.
A twisted ladder shape shows what DNA looks like up close. (Brian0918 / Wikimedia Commons)

Proof of Evolution

Fossils are one big clue about evolution. They show animals that lived long ago. Some, like dinosaurs, no longer exist. Scientists can also compare the DNA of animals. Animals that share more DNA are related more closely.

Fun Facts

  • Whales used to have legs and walked on land.
  • Birds are related to dinosaurs.
  • Charles Darwin was a famous scientist who studied evolution.

Did You Know?

Humans and chimpanzees share about 98 percent of their DNA, making them our closest animal relatives.